Click a word to review it. ←→ move between words, Enter confirm, M merge with next, Esc deselect.
▾ Concordancehide
Word-by-word review of Rev. A. J. Hall's Kwak'wala translation of Luke (1894; digitised MissionAssist 2017). Draft glosses come from a hand-curated lexicon (built from Boas 1893 Vocabulary, Boas 1900 Sketch, Boas & Yampolsky 1947 Grammar with a Glossary of the Suffixes, and Hall's own 1888 Grammar) supported by a statistical alignment (IBM Model 1, 8 EM iterations) of Hall's full Matthew–Acts corpus (4,826 verses) against the KJV. Hall breaks phonological words at enclitic boundaries — e.g. lāh dāḵw = la=x̌da'x̌w "then-they", ḵī da = object marker + determiner — so many of his "words" are clitics of a single Kwak'wala word. Kwak'wala is predicate-initial: clauses typically open with the predicate or the auxiliary la.
The working baseline of each tile is the Hall corrected form; the small brown line above shows Hall's original token(s) whenever the corrected form differs. Where Hall split one word into several tokens, select the first piece and use merge with next ⇒ (repeat to absorb more pieces); the pieces join into one unit with a tan border, the corrected spelling is editable, and glossing then applies to the whole unit. Unmerge restores Hall's tokenization. Merging resets that unit's review status, since its gloss needs rethinking. For a merged unit, the bulk button finds every occurrence of the same Hall token sequence in the chapter and applies the same merge + annotations. Each merge is also a retokenization rule that travels with the JSON export: fed back to Claude, the same sequences are merged across the whole corpus and the statistical alignment is re-run against the corrected tokenization, improving the draft interlinear for all remaining passages.
Hall original (small, shown when it differs or via the header toggle) · Hall corrected (bold; brown when changed) · WMA · U'mista rendering · Liq'wala rendering · morphological gloss · word gloss. The U'mista and Liq'wala lines are derived mechanically from the reconstructed phonemic form (x̌→x̱, q→ḵ, ə→a̱, ƛ→tł for U'mista; NAPA conventions with comma-above ejectives, superscript ʷ and ʔ for Liq'wala) and inherit its uncertainty — working aids, not attested spellings. The Liq'wala line is an orthographic transliteration of Hall's Kwak'wala, not a conversion to the Liq'wala dialect's own forms. Your edits appear with a dotted underline.
Each unit carries a morphological gloss (clitic-by-clitic, e.g. AUX=OBJ-PL=that(them)) and a word-level gloss (plain English, e.g. to them; dark slate line, toggleable in the header). Word-level defaults are derived from the morphological gloss and are rough — refining them is part of the review. On merge, both tiers get an automatic combined suggestion built from the members, fully editable before confirming.
Below the gloss fields, suggestion chips collect the original proposal plus glosses previously confirmed for the same form. Right-click a chip to remove it as a bad gloss — it moves to a struck-through list (click there to restore). A banned gloss stops being proposed everywhere for that form; unreviewed occurrences that were showing it switch to the most recent human-confirmed gloss instead. More generally, confirming any gloss immediately propagates it as the working proposal to all unreviewed occurrences of the same form (or sequence) — shown in italic green to mark "inherited from a confirmation elsewhere, not yet reviewed here" — and into the concordance mini-interlinears. Multiple senses are preserved: per-occurrence review can always override the propagated gloss, and every distinct confirmed sense remains available as a chip. Confirming a merged unit also auto-merges matching sequences in the rest of the chapter (as unreviewed proposals; the bulk button is the way to mark them all reviewed at once).
Beyond the chapter, a confirmed unit can be applied to the whole Matthew–Acts corpus as a rule (sequence → corrected form + glosses). When the sequence matches ≤ 100 verses, a one-click "apply corpus-wide" button is offered next to Confirm. For higher-frequency matches — where blanket application is risky — use select occurrences… in the concordance header: every entry gets a checkbox (all checked by default), you untick the occurrences that should not receive the gloss while paging through with "show 60 more", and apply to the checked set; repeated batches extend the same rule. Verses covered by a rule show a green ✔ and render the sequence as a single merged unit with its gloss in the concordance. An active rule is summarized next to the Confirm buttons, where it can be deleted. Rules travel in the JSON export and drive the corpus-wide retokenization + re-interlinearization when fed back to Claude.
| blue gloss | curated, reasonably secure |
| amber gloss ? | curated but only plausible — please scrutinize |
| red gloss ?? | curated but uncertain; also newly merged units awaiting a gloss |
| ‹angle brackets› | no curated analysis at all — raw statistical alignment suggestion only; treat with caution |
| green gloss | reviewed by a human (confirmed or edited); the tile gets a green background |
| italic green | inherited proposal — a human confirmed this gloss for the same form elsewhere; this occurrence is still unreviewed |
| tan border | a merged unit (Hall corrected ≠ Hall's tokenization) |
When "glosses" is ticked, each concordance verse is a mini-interlinear. Its small glosses are wordform-level defaults, not per-occurrence analyses — a homograph shows the same gloss in every verse even where another sense applies. Colors: blue/amber/red as above for curated entries; grey italic ‹brackets› = the form has no curated analysis, so the label is only the statistical aligner's best guess (the least trustworthy line in the tool); green = a human has confirmed a gloss for this wordform somewhere (most recent confirmation shown). Words with no gloss line at all are too rare for the aligner (typically frequency 1). For a merged unit the concordance searches the whole token sequence, highlighting it wherever it occurs in the corpus.
The bar between the two halves of the right-hand pane collapses the concordance (or press C), handing its space to the confirmation panel — useful when you are working through familiar words and do not need the corpus evidence. While collapsed the corpus scan is skipped entirely, so paging through frequent words is noticeably quicker. The setting is remembered in this browser.
The bar between the two halves of the right-hand pane does three jobs.
Book filter. Chips for Mt, Mk, Lk, Jn, Ac and Ot each carry the number of matching verses in that book. Click one to include or exclude it — the count stays visible either way, so you can see what you are leaving out — or shift-click for that book alone. An all chip appears whenever something is hidden. Ot covers the Psalms and Isaiah fragments. The filter also narrows select occurrences…, so a batch can be applied one book at a time. Corpus-wide rules deliberately ignore it — they mean the whole of Matthew–Acts.
Resizing. The thin ridged strip just above the bar is a splitter: drag it to divide the pane between the confirmation panel and the concordance, or double-click it to return to the default. The split is remembered in this browser and clamped to sane limits.
Collapsing. Click the bar (or press C) to hide the concordance and give its space to the confirmation panel. While collapsed the corpus scan is skipped entirely, so paging through familiar words is quicker, and the bar names the word whose concordance is hidden.
Hall's orthography drifts between books — Luke 4 writes laḵ, daḵwuk, kiaduq where Luke 8 has lāḵ, dāḵwuk — so by default the concordance matches ignoring macrons and the ḵ/k distinction, gathering every spelling of a word into one search. When more than one spelling exists, a spellings chip row appears listing each with its count; click one to restrict the search to it, or all to go back. The exact spelling checkbox does the same for every search (capitalisation is still ignored, since it only marks sentence position). Related forms chips are likewise grouped by word rather than by spelling, so two chips never return identical results. Corpus-wide rules always match the loose way, deliberately: a rule for lah dāḵwuk is meant to catch lāh dāḵwuk too.
Every chapter of Luke is already inside this file. The Chapters… button — in the header, or at the foot of the rail — decides which of them appear in the left-hand rail; nothing is downloaded or rebuilt, so a chapter is one tick away whenever the team is ready for it. The dialog lists all twenty-four with their verse count, the share of their words a human has confirmed, and a small green bar, so it is easy to see at a glance where work already exists. Three shortcuts sit under the grid: All 24, Only chapters with work, and Only the chapter I'm in. The rail cannot be emptied — unticking the last chapter is refused.
Dropping a chapter never touches the work done in it. Every decision, merge and note is stored against its chapter, verse and word position, never against a position in the rail, so a chapter you remove is merely parked and comes back exactly as it was. The chapter choice is remembered in this browser only and is deliberately not synced to the server, so two reviewers can hold different chapters open at the same time without moving each other's rail. Review data itself syncs as it always has.
In the rail, click a chapter heading to fold that chapter away. Each heading carries a thin bar whose green portion is the share of that chapter's words a human has confirmed — hover for the exact count. The bar stays visible whether the chapter is folded or open, so the layout does not jump as you toggle it, and the heading of the chapter you are currently in is emboldened and, when folded, shows the verse as well (▸ Lk 4:12) so folding your working chapter never loses your place. The rail scrolls the current verse back into view when it drifts off, and the tool reopens on the verse you left.
One caveat about the chapters beyond Luke 4 and 8: they carry the same draft glosses from the curated lexicon and the statistical alignment, and the concordance works in them immediately, but they have no hand-written literal back-translation line and no analytical notes — those exist only for the two chapters worked through so far, so the lit line is simply omitted rather than shown empty.
The search box in the header answers a different question from the concordance. The concordance shows you every context of a word you are already looking at; the search box moves the main pane to a verse, so that the analysis and concordance panes can then be used on it. It searches only the chapters currently in the rail.
Pick which line to search from the dropdown — Hall corrected, Hall original, WMA, U’mista, Liq’wala, morph gloss, word gloss, or any line — and the choice is remembered between sessions. The two Hall lines match loosely: macrons, hyphens and apostrophes are ignored and ḵ counts as k, so typing lak finds lāḵ, lāk, laḵ and lak alike. That is deliberate — Hall's spelling of one word genuinely varies between books, and an exact search would miss most of its occurrences. The practical orthographies match as typed, because U’mista and Liq’wala were designed so that ḵ and k are different phonemes and folding them together would silently merge words that are not the same; WMA behaves likewise. The two gloss tiers match case-insensitively.
◀ and ▶ step to the previous and next matching verse, wrapping around at the ends, and the counter beside them (91 / 201) shows where you are in the results. Every matching word in the verse is ringed in amber, so you can see immediately which word to click. From the box, Enter and Shift+Enter do the same as the two buttons and Esc clears the query; from anywhere in the tool, / jumps to the box.
Click a word; correct the spelling if needed; edit or accept the gloss and the U'mista/Liq'wala renderings; Confirm ✓ records that single occurrence (senses are per-occurrence by design). The bulk button also fills all unreviewed occurrences of the same form (or, for merged units, the same sequence) in the chapter — any of them can still be individually re-glossed afterwards. Keyboard: ←→ move between words, ↑↓ change verse, Enter confirm, M merge with next, C show/hide the concordance, / jump to the search box, Esc deselect. Notes behave differently from the other fields: the occurrence note and the verse note save by themselves the moment you leave the field, so you can annotate a word without reviewing it, and add a note to an already-reviewed word without re-confirming. Gloss, corrected form and orthography edits are decisions, so they need Confirm. Anything typed and not yet confirmed is held while you look around the concordance, so a panel refresh never eats your text. When the tool is served from a web server, it also checks for the other reviewer's work every 30 seconds, and immediately whenever you return to the tab — so an open page keeps itself current instead of going stale, and the header reports what arrived ("✓ synced 14:32 · +3 from others"). Reloading the page is always safe: it merges rather than replaces, and cannot remove anyone else's work. Work autosaves in this browser (per device); use Export JSON regularly — it is the durable record, and the file to send back to Claude so the remaining chapters improve.
Each unit now carries a WMA line — the Wakashan Meta-Alphabet, the archival alphabet for the North Wakashan languages — sitting between Hall's corrected form and the display orthographies. U’mista and Liq’wala are generated from WMA using Adam Werle's conversion table, live as you type. Edit either derived field by hand and it stops following WMA (so your correction is never overwritten); the link is restored with regenerate both from WMA under the fields. The WMA line itself starts as a machine guess converted from this project's phonemic reconstruction, so it inherits that uncertainty and is the field most worth your attention: correct WMA once and both display orthographies follow.
The tool asks for Charis SIL first (it installs with FieldWorks, and covers the underdots, macrons, barred letters and comma-above ejectives these orthographies need), then Doulos SIL, Gentium Plus, and finally a generic serif. If the vernacular lines look wrong, the machine probably lacks all three — installing Charis SIL fixes it. The Aa button in the header opens per-line size sliders: Hall original, Hall corrected, U’mista, Liq’wala, phonemic, both gloss lines, and the concordance. Sizes are remembered in this browser and do not affect anyone else.
| AUX | auxiliary la- 'then/go' that carries most narrative clauses |
| DET | determiner (Hall writes =ida 'the (subject)' split as ī da) |
| OBJ | object marker x̌a/x̌is (Hall ḵā, ḵī) |
| GEN/INST | genitive/instrumental =sa 'of/with the' |
| FOC | focus/relativizer yix̌- 'namely, the one who' |
| DISC | discourse enclitic =ʔm(is) 'and so, just, indeed' |
| FUT | future =tł(a) (Hall kla, klī, -kl) |
| PASS | passive =so' (Hall sū, -sau, -sawā) |
| PL | third-plural =da'x̌w (Hall dāḵw…) |
| INCH | inchoative -x̌'id 'begin/become' (Hall -īd, -īda) |
| PURP | purposive qas 'so that' (Hall kās) |
| NEG | negative k'is; k'i'os 'there is none' |
| 3.DIST | third-person distal deictic =i (Hall ī) |
| PROH | prohibitive qəla 'don't' |
| SUBORD | subordinating (yix̌s 'when/as', qax̌s 'because') |
lit = literal back-translation following the Kwak'wala (predicate-initial) order; KJV and ASV (a close proxy for the RV 1885) are Hall's likely source texts. Tan boxes are analytical notes, including flagged difficulties.
Your initials are stamped on every gloss you confirm, so the team can see who reviewed what and the tool can warn you before you replace someone else's work. Stored in this browser only — it is never sent to the server on its own, and it is not a login: the access token is still shared, so this is for attribution, not security.
Every chapter of Luke is already in this file — ticking one just brings it into the left-hand rail. Review work is stored per chapter and verse, so a chapter you drop keeps everything that was done in it and comes back untouched. The choice is remembered in this browser only, so you and a colleague can work on different chapters at the same time.
Click a word to review it. ←→ move between words, Enter confirm, M merge with next, Esc deselect.